Almindelig nutid
Almindelig nutid (simple present) er en af flere nutidsformer på engelsk. Den bruges til at beskrive vaner, uændrede situationer, generelle sandheder og faste aftaler. Det er nemt at danne almindelig nutid. Du skal blot bruge stammen af udsagnsordet: (I take, you take, we take, they take). 3e person ental tager en -s endelse (he takes, she takes).
Almindelig nutid anvendes:
-
Til at udtrykke vaner, generelle sandheder, gentagne handlinger eller uændrede situationer, følelser og ønsker:
I smoke (vane); I work in London (uændret situation); London is a large city (generel sandhed) -
Til at give instruktioner eller vise vej:
You walk for two hundred meters, then you turn left. -
Til at udtrykke faste aftaler i nutiden eller fremtiden:
Your exam starts at 09.00 -
Til at udtrykke noget, som sker i fremtiden, efter visse biord: after, when, before, as soon as, until:
He'll give it to you when you come next Saturday.
Vær forsigtig! Almindelig nutid bruges ikke til at udtrykke handlinger, som finder sted nu.
Eksempler
-
Til vaner
He drinks tea at breakfast.
She only eats fish.
They watch television regularly. -
Til gentagne handlinger eller begivenheder
We catch the bus every morning.
It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
They drive to Monaco every summer. -
Til generelle sandheder
Water freezes at zero degrees.
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
Her mother is Peruvian.
-
Til instruktioner eller at vise vej
Open the packet and pour the contents into hot water.
You take the No.6 bus to Watney and then the No.10 to Bedford. -
Til faste aftaler
His mother arrives tomorrow.
Our holiday starts on the 26th March -
Med fremtidskonstruktioner
She'll see you before she leaves.
We'll give it to her when she arrives.
At danne almindelig nutid: to think
| Bekræftende | Spørgende | Nægtende |
|---|---|---|
| I think | Do I think? | I do not think |
| You think | Do you think? | You do not think |
| He thinks | Does he think? | He does not think |
| She thinks | Does she think? | She does not think |
| It thinks | Does it think? | It does not think |
| We think | Do we think? | We do not think. |
| They think | Do they think? | They do not think. |
Bemærkninger om almindelig nutid, tredje person ental
-
I tredje person ental ender udsagnsordet altid på -s:
he wants, she needs, he gives, she thinks. -
De nægtende og spørgende former bruger DOES (= hjælpeudsagnordet 'DO' i tredje person ental) + udsagnsordet i navnemåde.
He wants ice cream. Does he want strawberry? He does not want vanilla. -
Udsagnsord, der ender på -y : i tredje person ental ændres -y til -ies:
fly --> flies, cry --> cries
Undtagelse: hvis der er en vokal før -y:
play --> plays, pray --> prays -
Tilføj -es til udsagnsord, der ender på:-ss, -x, -sh, -ch:
he passes, she catches, he fixes, it pushes
Eksempler
- He goes to school every morning.
- She understands English.
- It mixes the sand and the water.
- He tries very hard.
- She enjoys playing the piano.