Udvidet præsens
Test din videnAt danne udvidet præsens
Udvidet præsens( present continuous) af alle udsagnsord består af to dele - nutidsformen af udsagnsordet to be + lang tillægsform af hovedudsagnsordet.
(Formen af den lange tillægsform er: stammen+ing, fx talking, playing, moving, smiling)
Bekræftende | ||
Grundled | + to be | + stammen + ing |
She | is | talking. |
Nægtende | ||
Grundled | + to be + not | + stammen + ing |
She | is not (isn't) | talking |
Spørgende | ||
to be | + grundled | + stammen + ing |
Is | she | talking? |
Eksempler: TO GO, udvidet præsens
Bekræftende | Nægtende | Spørgende |
---|---|---|
I am going | I am not going | Am I going? |
You are going | You aren't going. | Are you going? |
He, she, it is going | He, she, it isn't going | Is he, she, it going? |
We are going | We aren't going | Are we going? |
You are going | You aren't going | Are you going? |
They are going | They aren't going | Are they going? |
Bemærk: alternative nægtende sammentrækninger: I'm not going, you're not going, he's not going etc.
Udvidet præsens og dens funktioner
Som med alle tider på engelsk er talerens holdning ligeså vigtig som tidspunktet for handlingen eller begivenheden. Når man bruger udvidet præsens, tænker man på noget, der er ufærdigt eller ufuldstændigt
Udvidet præsens bruges:
- til at beskrive en handling, som foregår nu og her: You are using the Internet. You are studying English grammar.
- til at beskrive en handling, som foregår i denne periode eller en trend: Are you still working for the same company? More and more people are becoming vegetarian.
- til at beskrive en handling eller begivenhed i fremtiden, som allerede er planlagt eller forberedt: We're going on holiday tomorrow. I'm meeting my boyfriend tonight. Are they visiting you next winter?
- til at beskrive en midlertidig begivenhed eller situation: He usually plays the drums, but he's playing bass guitar tonight. The weather forecast was good, but it's raining at the moment.
- med "always, forever, constantly", til at beskrive eller understrege en kontinuerlig række af gentagne handlinger: Harry and Sally are always arguing! You're constantly complaining about your mother-in-law!
Udsagnsord som normalt ikke bruges i udvidet præsens
Udsagnsordene herunder bruges normalt i almindelig nutid, fordi de henviser til tilstande, frem for handlinger eller processer.
Sanser / Opfattelser
- to feel*
- to hear
- to see*
- to smell
- to taste
Meninger
- to assume
- to believe
- to consider
- to doubt
- to feel (= at synes)
- to find (= at anse)
- to suppose
- to think*
Mentale tilstande
- to forget
- to imagine
- to know
- to mean
- to notice
- to recognise
- to remember
- to understand
Følelser / ønsker
- to envy
- to fear
- to dislike
- to hate
- to hope
- to like
- to love
- to mind
- to prefer
- to regret
- to want
- to wish
Målinger
- to contain
- to cost
- to hold
- to measure
- to weigh
Andre
- to look (= at ligne)
- to seem
- to be (i de fleste tilfælde)
- to have (i betydningen "to possess")*
Undtagelser
Udsagnsord, som udtrykker sanser (see, hear, feel, taste, smell), bruges ofte sammen med can: I can see... Disse udsagnsord kan bruges i udvidet nutid, men med en anden betydning.
- This coat feels nice and warm. (din opfattelse af frakkens kvalitet)
- John's feeling much better now (hans helbred bliver bedre)
- She has three dogs and a cat. (besiddelse)
- She's having supper. (Hun spiser)
- I can see Anthony in the garden (opfattelse)
- I'm seeing Anthony later (Vi planlægger at ses)